Escalation in Sudan’s Civil War
Executive Summary
Sudan’s civil war continues to devastate the country, with a recent drone strike killing over 70 civilians at the last operational hospital in North Darfur’s capital. The conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has displaced over 11 million people, with famine and healthcare crises worsening the humanitarian situation. Meanwhile, extremist groups like the Islamic State and Al Qaeda are seizing the instability to expand their influence.
Analysis
The attack on El Fasher’s Saudi Teaching Maternal Hospital, which was packed with patients at the time, highlights the unchecked violence gripping the region. Both the SAF and RSF have denied responsibility, each accusing the other of targeting civilians. This incident follows a string of similar strikes, including the destruction of a crowded market in North Darfur last month.
The civil war, triggered by a power struggle between SAF leader Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and RSF head Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (Hemedti), has exacerbated Sudan’s already fragile conditions. Compounding this, extremist factions like the Islamic State and Al Qaeda have openly called for jihad in Sudan, leveraging the chaos for recruitment and financial gains. Reports suggest that the Islamic State’s Sudan network, established since 2019, is now positioning itself for a more active operational role in the conflict.
Adding to the instability, attacks on critical infrastructure continue to cripple Sudan’s economy. For example, the recent blaze at Sudan’s largest oil refinery, al-Jaili, has further weakened the nation’s financial standing. Each side blames the other for the destruction, with no independent verification available. The loss of such infrastructure not only hinders local recovery but also has far-reaching effects on regional economies, including South Sudan.
The conflict’s humanitarian toll is immense, with the United Nations declaring famine in parts of Darfur and reporting that half of Sudan’s population requires urgent assistance. Women, children, and displaced populations remain especially vulnerable, as access to healthcare, education, and basic necessities has become nearly impossible.
International sanctions and attempts at mediation have so far failed to halt the violence. The United States has targeted both Burhan and Hemedti with financial sanctions, accusing them of war crimes and blocking humanitarian aid. However, these measures have yet to bring tangible progress toward peace.
Sources
• CNN
